List of 11 HLA variants associated with HIV-1 viral load (VL) based on either generalized linear models (Series 1) or logistic regression analyses (Series 2).

Association analyses begin with a typical, cross-sectional study design to emphasize statistical power (Series 1). In Series 2, subjects with medium VL (104–105 copies/mL) are excluded, with the assumption that they may occasionally obscure the classification of patients with low and high VL (Table 1). For consistency, sex and age are treated as covariates in each univariate analysis; statistically significant relationships (p<0.05) are shown in bold. CI  =  confidence interval; OR  =  odds ratio; SE  =  standard error.