Data from: Resolving a phylogenetic hypothesis for parrots: implications from systematics to conservation

Advances in sequencing technology and phylogenetics have revolutionised
avian biology by providing an evolutionary framework for studying natural
groupings. In the parrots (Psittaciformes), DNA-based studies have led to
a reclassification of clades, yet substantial gaps remain in the data
gleaned from genetic information. Here we provide an overview of published
genetic data of parrots, characterise sampling depth across the phylogeny,
and evaluate support for existing systematic treatments. We inferred a
concatenated tree with 307 species from a 30-gene supermatrix. We
recovered well-supported relationships among recently proposed clades.
Taxonomic groups were more stable towards the base of the tree and
increased sampling will be required to clarify relationships at the tips,
particularly below the generic level. Only a third of species have been
sampled intraspecifically in population genetic or phylogeographic
surveys. Intraspecific sampling has not been geographically or
phylogenetically even across Psittaciformes, especially poor in the
cockatoos, Southeast Asia, and parts of Australo-Papua. Threatened species
are poorly sampled in the Neotropics. We highlight where effort should be
focused to improve sampling based on geography and conservation status. In
sum, phylogenetic relationships among the major parrot clades are robust,
but relationships within and between genera and species provide
opportunities for future investigations.