<b>Predictors of Psychological Distress in Anticipation of Major Earthquakes: A Study of Istanbul Residents</b>

This study investigates the potential psychological impacts of a major earthquake on residents of Istanbul, focusing on predictors and correlates of post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and well-being. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 814 participants using validated psychological scales. The findings reveal that higher income and education levels are associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Specifically, income demonstrated a positive correlation of +0.10 with well-being, while education showed a positive correlation of +0.14. Pre-existing psychiatric conditions and past traumatic experiences significantly predict higher levels of post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression, with psychiatric history showing a correlation of +0.48 with ICD-10 Symptom Ratings. Structural equation modeling further elucidates the complex relationships between these variables, revealing that higher income levels are associated with lower anxiety (coefficient = -0.15, p = 0.003) and that education positively influences well-being (coefficient = 0.20, p &lt; 0.001). The study underscores the necessity of integrating mental health services into disaster preparedness plans, fostering community-based support programs, and implementing resilience-building interventions. These comprehensive strategies are essential for enhancing the psychological resilience and well-being of Istanbul's population in anticipation of potential seismic threats. The insights gained from this research provide valuable guidance for policymakers and mental health professionals in developing effective interventions to support vulnerable populations in earthquake-prone regions.