Research progress on chemical synthesis of biomass-based hydrocarbon fuels

Biomass-based hydrocarbon fuels, as one of the alternatives to traditional fossil fuels, have attracted considerable attention in the energy field due to their renewability and environmental benefits. This article provides a systematic review of recent research progress in the chemical synthesis of biomass-based hydrocarbon fuels. It outlines the conversion pathways using feedstocks such as lipids, terpenoids, cellulose/hemicellulose, and lignin. Depending on the feedstock, various products with distinct structural characteristics can be prepared through reactions such as cyclization, condensation, and catalytic hydrogenation. Throughout the synthesis process, three key factors play a critical role: efficient catalyst development, production process optimization, and computational-chemistry-based molecular design. Finally, the article discusses future perspectives for biomass-based hydrocarbon fuel synthesis research.