广东紫珠规范化种植技术研究与示范

重点攻克了广东紫珠种质资源收集、保存与筛选，良种繁育，丰产栽培，药材质量控制等技术体系。1.收集保存了广东紫珠主要产区的种质资源153份，率先建立了广东紫珠良种选育的育种体系，筛选出优良单株30株，筛选出优良种源4个，生物量平均高于对照30.10%，有效成分连翘酯苷B及金石蚕苷含量总和达到药典规定指标（0.5%）的4.05倍。2.深入研究了广东紫珠有性和无性繁殖技术，建立良种繁育圃53亩，创新提出黑色地膜覆盖扦插技术，扦插成活率达到85%以上，解决了幼苗期病害防治等技术难题。3.系统研究了广东紫珠规范化种植技术，包括选地环境要求、栽培方式、抚育管理、采收和质量控制等，建立规范化种植示范基地1500余亩，提出了截干栽培的新方法，制订了广东紫珠药材培育技术规程。4.在谱效关系模型的的基础上对广东紫珠生长及加工过程中的质量进行了动态控制技术研究，提出一年采收两次的采收模式，确定了最佳采收期，提出了提高广东紫珠药材的产量和保障药材质量的培育与采收技术。5.提出了油茶幼林行间套种广东紫珠技术模式和关键技术，改善了林地利用状况，提出以耕代抚的复合栽培模式，实现以短养长，提早收益。6.“中药材广东紫珠规范化种植技术研究”于2010年1月12日通过江西省科技厅鉴定，达国内同类研究领先水平。国家农业科技成果转化项目“江西特色药用林广东紫珠高效种植” 于2012年10月通过科技部委托江西省科技厅组织的专家验收，认为广东紫珠规范化种植技术成果得到进一步熟化，建立的种苗繁育圃和规范化种植示范基地，达到了优质高产示范效果。 2013年1月23日，中央财政林业科技推广项目“森林药材良种繁育与丰产栽培技术示范” 通过了江西省林业厅组织的专家验收。

This study focused on establishing and optimizing the technical system covering Callicarpa kwangtungensis germplasm resource collection, conservation and selection, improved variety breeding, high-yield cultivation, and medicinal material quality control.
1. A total of 153 germplasm accessions from the main production areas of Callicarpa kwangtungensis were collected and conserved. The breeding system for improved variety selection of Callicarpa kwangtungensis was firstly established, with 30 elite individual plants and 4 elite provenances screened out. The average biomass was 30.10% higher than that of the control group, and the total content of active ingredients forsythoside B and poliumoside reached 4.05 times the standard stipulated in the China Pharmacopoeia (0.5%).
2. The sexual and asexual propagation technologies of Callicarpa kwangtungensis were thoroughly studied. An improved variety propagation nursery covering 53 mu was established, and the black plastic film mulching cutting technology was innovatively proposed, with the cutting survival rate reaching over 85%, solving technical problems such as seedling stage disease control.
3. The standardized planting technologies of Callicarpa kwangtungensis were systematically studied, including site selection and environmental requirements, cultivation methods, tending management, harvesting and quality control. A standardized planting demonstration base covering more than 1,500 mu was established, a new trunk-cutting cultivation method was proposed, and the technical regulations for the cultivation of Callicarpa kwangtungensis medicinal materials were formulated.
4. Based on the spectrum-effect relationship model, dynamic quality control technologies during the growth and processing of Callicarpa kwangtungensis were studied. A harvesting mode of two harvests per year was proposed, the optimal harvesting period was determined, and cultivation and harvesting technologies for improving the yield of Callicarpa kwangtungensis medicinal materials and ensuring their quality were put forward.
5. The technical model and key technologies for interplanting Callicarpa kwangtungensis in the rows of young Camellia oleifera forests were proposed, which improved the utilization status of forest land. A composite cultivation mode of replacing tending with tillage was put forward, achieving short-term income to support long-term benefits and realizing early earnings.
6. The research titled "Standardized Planting Technology of Chinese Medicinal Material Callicarpa kwangtungensis" passed the appraisal organized by the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province on January 12, 2010, reaching the leading level among similar domestic researches. The national agricultural science and technology achievement transformation project "Efficient Cultivation of Jiangxi Characteristic Medicinal Forest Callicarpa kwangtungensis" passed the expert acceptance organized by the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province entrusted by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China in October 2012. It was recognized that the standardized planting technology achievements of Callicarpa kwangtungensis were further refined, and the established seedling propagation nursery and standardized planting demonstration base achieved high-quality and high-yield demonstration effects. On January 23, 2013, the central finance forestry science and technology promotion project "Demonstration of Improved Variety Breeding and High-Yield Cultivation Technologies for Forest Medicinal Materials" passed the expert acceptance organized by the Forestry Department of Jiangxi Province.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于广东紫珠的规范化种植技术，包括种质资源收集、良种繁育、丰产栽培和质量控制等关键技术。通过研究和示范，筛选出优良种源和单株，建立了规范化种植示范基地，并提出了创新的栽培和采收技术，成果达到国内领先水平。