2023 Farm to School Census

Description of the experiment setting: location, influential climatic conditions, controlled conditions (e.g. temperature, light cycle)In Fall of 2023 the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) conducted the fourth Farm to School Census. The 2023 Census was sent via email to 18,833 school food authorities (SFAs) including all public, private, and charter SFAs, as well as residential care institutions, participating in the National School Lunch Program. The questionnaire collected data on local food purchasing, edible school gardens, other farm to school activities and policies, and outcomes and challenges of participating in farm to school activities. A total of 12,559 SFAs submitted a response to the 2023 Census.Processing methods and equipment usedThe 2023 Census was administered solely via the web. The study team cleaned the raw data to ensure the data were as correct, complete, and consistent as possible. This process involved examining the data for logical errors and removing implausible values. The study team linked the 2023 Census data to information from the National Center of Education Statistics (NCES) Common Core of Data (CCD). Records from the CCD were used to construct a measure of urbanicity, which classifies the area in which schools are located.Study date(s) and durationData collection occurred from October 2, 2023 to January 7, 2024. Questions asked about activities prior to, during and after SY 2022-23. The 2023 Census asked SFAs whether they currently participated in, had ever participated in or planned to participate in any of 32 farm to school activities. Based on those answers, SFAs received a defined set of further questions.Study spatial scale (size of replicates and spatial scale of study area)Respondents to the survey included SFAs from all 50 States as well as American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington, DC.Level of true replicationUnknownSampling precision (within-replicate sampling or pseudoreplication)No sampling was involved in the collection of this data.Level of subsampling (number and repeat or within-replicate sampling)No sampling was involved in the collection of this data.Study design (before–after, control–impacts, time series, before–after-control–impacts)None – Non-experimentalDescription of any data manipulation, modeling, or statistical analysis undertakenEach entry in the dataset contains SFA-level responses to the Census questionnaire for SFAs that responded. This file includes information from only SFAs that clicked “Submit” on the questionnaire. (The dataset used to create the 2023 Farm to School Census Report includes additional SFAs that answered enough questions for their response to be considered usable.)In addition, the file contains constructed variables used for analytic purposes. The file does not include weights created to produce national estimates for the 2023 Farm to School Census Report.The dataset identified SFAs, but to protect individual privacy the file does not include any information for the individual who completed the questionnaire. All responses to open-ended questions (i.e., containing user-supplied text) were also removed to protect privacy.Description of any gaps in the data or other limiting factorsSee the full 2023 Farm to School Census Report [https://www.fns.usda.gov/research/f2s/2023-census] for a detailed explanation of the study’s limitations.Outcome measurement methods and equipment usedNone

实验设置描述：地理位置、关键气候条件、控制条件（例如温度、光照周期）。2023年秋季，美国农业部食品营养服务局（FNS）开展了第四次校园农场调查。2023年的调查通过电子邮件发送至18,833所学校食品管理机构（SFAs），包括所有公立、私立和特许学校SFAs，以及参与国家学校午餐计划的住宅护理机构。问卷收集了关于当地食品采购、可食用校园花园、其他校园农场活动和政策，以及参与校园农场活动的成果和挑战的数据。总计12,559个SFAs对2023年的调查做出了回应。数据处理方法和设备：2023年的调查完全通过网络进行。研究团队对原始数据进行清理，以确保数据尽可能准确、完整和一致。此过程涉及检查数据中的逻辑错误和移除不合理值。研究团队将2023年调查数据与国家教育统计中心（NCES）的共同核心数据（CCD）中的信息联系起来。使用CCD记录构建了一个衡量城市化的指标，该指标将学校所在地区进行分类。研究日期和持续时间：数据收集时间为2023年10月2日至2024年1月7日。调查中询问了关于SY 2022-23之前、期间和之后的活动的问题。2023年调查询问SFAs是否目前参与、曾经参与或计划参与32项校园农场活动中的任何一项。根据这些答案，SFAs收到了一套定义明确的进一步问题。研究空间尺度（重复样本的大小和研究区域的空间尺度）：调查对象包括来自所有50个州的SFAs，以及美属萨摩亚、关岛、北马里亚纳群岛、波多黎各、美属维尔京群岛和华盛顿特区。真实重复的水平：未知。抽样精度（重复样本抽样或伪重复）：在收集此数据时未涉及抽样。子抽样水平（样本数量和重复或重复样本抽样）：在收集此数据时未涉及抽样。研究设计（前后比较、控制-影响、时间序列、前后-控制-影响）：无——非实验性。任何数据操作、建模或统计分析的描述：数据集中的每条记录都包含对SFAs普查问卷的SFA级别回应。该文件仅包含点击问卷中“提交”按钮的SFAs的信息。（用于创建2023年校园农场普查报告的数据集包括回答足够多问题，其回应被认为可用的其他SFAs。）此外，该文件还包含用于分析目的的构建变量。该文件不包括为产生2023年校园农场普查报告的国家估计值而创建的权重。数据集识别了SFAs，但为了保护个人隐私，该文件不包括完成问卷的个人的任何信息。所有对开放式问题的回应（即包含用户提供的文本）也被删除以保护隐私。数据中任何差距或其他限制因素的描述：请参阅完整的2023年校园农场普查报告[https://www.fns.usda.gov/research/f2s/2023-census]，以详细了解研究的限制。使用的成果测量方法和设备：无。