System Architecture and Theoretical Methods for Internal and External Situation Awareness and Security Control of Satellite Swarm

This paper focuses on the critical strategic demands of next-generation space infrastructure system construction, exploring situational cognition and security control technologies for satellite swarm under complex mission scenarios. It analyzes the developmental status and challenges of domestic and international satellite swarm, identifying current research deficiencies in completeness of theoretical frameworks, comprehensiveness of perceptual information, assessment credibility, decision-making rationality, and execution precision. The study emphasizes the OODA architecture system for satellite swarm, including perception and evaluation in situational cognition, as well as decision-making and collaborative execution in security control. Key technologies and research advancements in each operational phase are systematically discussed. Finally, prospects for future development in satellite swarm situational cognition and security control technologies are proposed: Establishing capability quantification models to achieve comprehensive situational awareness through multi-source information interaction and fusion, enabling credible assessment under coupled internal/external influencing factors, realizing rapid and rational decision-making in dynamic scenarios, and accomplishing precise execution of multi-objective cross-scale tasks. These advancements aim to enhance the autonomous operational safety capabilities of satellite swarm, providing theoretical and technical foundations for next-generation space infrastructure construction.