Research Progress on Coordinated Deformation of Superconducting Wires Based on Finite Element Method

The structures of NbTi, Nb3Sn, MgB2, and Bi-based superconducting materials are complex. The uniformity of coordinated deformation among metals, between metals and powders, and within core wires determines the processing quality and mechanical properties of wires. The structures of wires and dies, processing parameters, and deformation conditions are important factors affecting their coordinated deformation behavior. The finite element numerical simulation method is an important engineering tool for analyzing and evaluating the coordinated deformation behavior of superconducting wires under multiple factors. This approach can accurately and intuitively simulate the coordinated rheological behavior during the forming process of multi-layer and multifilament composite superconducting wires, as well as the stress/strain distribution among composite phases and their interfaces. This review summarizes recent progress in finite element simulation of superconducting wire forming. It covers the establishment of finite element models, selection of constitutive models, and setting of boundary conditions for superconducting wire forming. At the same time, the review discusses the affecting mechanism of deformation parameters, die structure, and processing technique on coordinated deformation behavior, as well as recent advances in multi-scale analysis.