Partial recovery of primary rainforest bird communities in Amazonian secondary forests

Loss of primary rainforest imperils species, communities, and ecosystem services. Secondary forests play a role in supporting primary forest species, making it important to assess how variation in landscape composition, sample area, and secondary forest age influence their value for maintaining biodiversity. We sampled bird communities in three 16-ha sites in 31-36-year-old secondary forest (SF) and three adjacent primary forest (PF) sites at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project near Manaus, Brazil. SF sites were surrounded by vast, minimally broken PF. Spot-map surveys revealed 204 species, with 48 found only in PF (SF estimate 117-144 species/site, PF estimate 163-180). SF communities were distinct, but composed almost entirely of PF species and overlapped PF communities in functional attributes. Cavity-nesting species were slightly underrepresented in SF. Important differences in SF included much reduced abundance of canopy, terrestrial, and insectivorous species. Vege..., Field data of bird spotmaps, with additional columns added for data from other sources.  See the metadata file., , # Partial Recovery of Primary Rainforest Bird Communities in

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kh18932ht](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.kh18932ht)

## Description of the data and file structure

**Description:** Spot-map dataset metadata followed by veg dataset metadata

* **spot_map_data_final**

## Spot-map metadata

##### Variables

Data collected in the field:

| ID1 | | line code from Access |
| :--------- | :- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| species | | species code |
| sp | | species name from our database- updated in the paper for current taxonomy |
| dt | | m/d/y |
| hr | | hh:mm ...