Parameter Estimates for Cost-Effectiveness Model.

TB, tuberculosis; MGIT, Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube; NTM, non-tuberculous.
mycobacteria; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
aThe estimated number of true-positives includes all confirmed cases, plus a proportion of culture-negative cases, assuming a positive predictive value of 52% for clinician diagnosis based on the prevalence of TB and estimated sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis.
bSolid media = five Lowenstein-Jensen slants per specimen; MGIT = one BBL® culture tube per specimen, re-inoculated if initially contaminated (see Methods). Sensitivity and specificity are calculated among diagnostic attempts in which at least one culture was not contaminated. Diagnostic attempts may include more than one culture specimen.
cThe lower contamination rate and higher sensitivity for MGIT over solid media reflect the practice of re-processing contaminated MGIT specimens, whereas solid cultures were inoculated in parallel and not re-processed.
dDisability weight of 0.136 for HIV infection without AIDS [31], +0.1 for the burden of antiretroviral therapy.
eAssumes that TB treatment (lasting six months) results in 50% as much disability as active TB.