The type of fracture mode of the post before and after thermo-cycling after the push-out test.

[C/M/I]: C) cohesive failure, M) mixed failure consisting of interfacial failure and cohesive failure, and I) interfacial failure. For each horizontal row in the type of fracture mode: superscript values with different numbers indicate a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). For each vertical column in the type of fracture mode: subscript characters with same letters (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) indicate no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), Complex chi-square 2) test. The sample size for each experimental group was 15.
The type of fracture mode of the post before and after thermo-cycling after the push-out test.