SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Gene Mutation Landscape Across 9.3 Million Genomes Over Five Years (2020-2025)

This dataset presents a large-scale temporal analysis of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Membrane (M) gene, derived from 9.3 million high-quality genomes collected globally between 2020 to 2025. The analysis identifies mutation sets (single, double, triplet) that emerged or significantly increased in frequency after 2022, coinciding with the global rollout of vaccines and widespread population immunity. The dataset includes: 1- All observed M gene mutation sets with pre- and post-2022 frequencies 2- Mutation sets that first appeared after 2022 3- Mutation sets that dramatically increased in frequency post-2022 (≥90% of occurrences) This resource supports research into viral evolution, structural protein adaptation, and potential immune escape mechanisms.