Replication Data for: Impact of two-month sodium citrate supplementation along with moderate-intensity continuous training on PGC-1α and Nrf2 expression in diabetic rats

Body and movement are the fundamental axes used in physical activity and sports sciences to promote individuals' motor development, improve their health conditions (physical, psychological, and social), and prevent the onset of diseases and injuries. The practice of physical activity, based on the results of numerous epidemiological, preventive studies, and clinical trials, has been shown, along with nutrition, to be one of the two most essential factors in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, scientific evidence has also shown that physical activity plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation and treatment of numerous conditions, including metabolic diseases such as diabetes, which currently have a high prevalence worldwide. Therefore, to reduce the human, social and economic cost that diabetes represents in our society, one of the promising strategies currently being used is the combination of physical exercise with supplementation to potentiate the preventive and therapeutic effects of both strategies. In this regard, we have to consider that in diabetic patients, insulin resistance is exacerbated by oxidative stress, and mitochondria are the main generator of free radicals. In contrast, the transcript, peroxisome receptor gamma receptor-gamma coactivator receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) acts as a molecular switch for several cellular processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, gluconeogenesis and glucose transport, glycogenolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, it may be a treatment strategy for patients affected by type 2 diabetes. Likewise, it has been observed that PGC-1α gene expression increases in skeletal muscle two hours after exercise and that physical exercise significantly affects PGC-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, it has been observed that reactive oxygen species and acidosis formation limit athletic performance. In contrast, using sodium citrate could have a buffering effect that would improve performance. Thus, the combination of physical activity (particularly of moderate intensity) with ergogenic aids could be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Body and movement are the fundamental axes used in physical activity and sports sciences to promote individuals' motor development, improve their health conditions (physical, psychological, and social), and prevent the onset of diseases and injuries. The practice of physical activity, based on the results of numerous epidemiological, preventive studies, and clinical trials, has been shown, along with nutrition, to be one of the two most essential factors in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, scientific evidence has also shown that physical activity plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation and treatment of numerous conditions, including metabolic diseases such as diabetes, which currently have a high prevalence worldwide. Therefore, to reduce the human, social and economic cost that diabetes represents in our society, one of the promising strategies currently being used is the combination of physical exercise with supplementation to potentiate the preventive and therapeutic effects of both strategies. In this regard, we have to consider that in diabetic patients, insulin resistance is exacerbated by oxidative stress, and mitochondria are the main generator of free radicals. In contrast, the transcript, peroxisome receptor gamma receptor-gamma coactivator receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) acts as a molecular switch for several cellular processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, gluconeogenesis and glucose transport, glycogenolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, it may be a treatment strategy for patients affected by type 2 diabetes. Likewise, it has been observed that PGC-1α gene expression increases in skeletal muscle two hours after exercise and that physical exercise significantly affects PGC-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, it has been observed that reactive oxygen species and acidosis formation limit athletic performance. In contrast, using sodium citrate could have a buffering effect that would improve performance. Thus, the combination of physical activity (particularly of moderate intensity) with ergogenic aids could be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.