US Effective Tariff Rate 1790-2024

United States average effective tariff rate, both total and dutiable, from 1790 to 2024.

Methodology:

Total: Take tariff revenue and divide it by the overall value of imports.

Dutiable: Take tariff revenue and divide it by the overall value of dutiable imports.

Sources:

1790 to 1820:

New Estimates of the Average Tariff of the United States, 1790-1820

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w9616/w9616.pdf

1821 to 1890:

Historical Statistics of the United States Colonial Times to 1970 -- Series U 207-212

https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/files/docs/publications/histstatus/hstat1970_cen_1975_v2.pdf

1890 to 2024:

U.S. imports for consumption, duties collected, and ratio of duties to value, 1891-2024 (Table 1)

https://www.usitc.gov/documents/dataweb/ave_table_1891_2024.pdf