Surface modification of metal nanostructures toward electrically pumped perovskite microlasers

The achievement of electrically pumped lasers with smaller and more compact physical dimensions is expected to be crucial for future optical information processing, optical storage, and photonic integrated circuits. However, developing laser devices upon electrical injection remains challenging due to stability issues, significant non-radiative losses, and severe Joule heating effects. Herein, we exhibit an ultralow-threshold low-dimensional perovskite microlaser coated with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), which enables the optimization of its lasing properties upon optical pumping synchronized with current injection at ambient temperature. The threshold value is considerably reduced to 8.6 μJ/cm2, which is approximately 44% lower than that of the pristine one. The microlaser incorporates size-optimized AuNPs that simultaneously enhance perovskite’s lasing performance and electrical properties, particularly enabling a current injection of approximately 2.98 kA/cm2. Besides, AuNPs can accelerate hot-carrier cooling in perovskites, thereby reducing non-radiative recombination losses and mitigating Joule heating effects. The microlaser thresholds show progressive reduction with increasing electrical assist fraction. This study underscores that the ultimate goal of realizing electrically driven perovskite microlasers may eventually become a reality, paving a promising avenue toward the further development of electrically pumped microlaser diodes.