Periodontitis

This study used the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data from 2009-2010. The 2009 and 2010 data were selected because, during this period, only the periodontal-related examinations and calculated biological age indicators (KDM, PhenoAge, HD) were relatively complete (CRP measurements were not available in the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles). The data includes the following main components:
1. Periodontitis assessment: Periodontitis was diagnosed based on two key indicators: attachment loss (AL) and probing depth (PD).
2. Biological age assessment: The study selected three commonly used biological age indicators (KDM, PhenoAge, HD) as mediating variables to explore their mediating effects between periodontitis and health outcomes. These indicators were calculated using the BioAge R software package, including biological age indicators such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, etc.
3. Health outcomes: The study selected various chronic diseases and health conditions as outcome variables, including hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, kidney disease, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, depression, anemia, etc. The diagnostic criteria for each disease were based on international authoritative institutions, such as the American College of Cardiology, the American Diabetes Association, the World Health Organization, etc., and were calculated using blood biochemical and physical examination data.
4. Covariates: The data also includes several covariates, such as age, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, marital status, poverty-income ratio, smoking status, and drinking status.