Dataset for Multi-Frequency Ionospheric Scintillation Characteristics and Their Responses to Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in Low-Latitude China

The dataset used in this study was primarily obtained from a GNSS multi-frequency scintillation monitoring receiver installed at Haikou station, Hainan, China (19.3°N, 110.4°E; dip latitude ~10°). The observation period spans from January 2020 to December 2021, covering two full years and representing typical conditions during the solar minimum. The data have been resampled and normalized to one record per minute. All timestamps are recorded in Beijing Time (UTC+8).Some observations may contain missing data, mainly due to extreme weather, ionospheric disturbances, or equipment malfunctions causing signal interruptions. These missing values have been uniformly marked as NaN during the preprocessing stage. The daily data loss rate is approximately 3–5%, which has minimal impact on the overall trend analysis.The dataset is provided in the standard .mat format and can be opened using MATLAB or other compatible software. Standardized processing procedures have been applied, including noise filtering, time synchronization, unit normalization, and temporal alignment, to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of the dataset for analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of low-latitude ionospheric scintillation events.Researchers interested in the dataset or requiring further technical details are welcome to contact the data authors for additional support.