New radiocarbon tree-ring datasets for "The timing of the ca-660 BCE Miyake solar-proton event constrained to between 664 and 663 BCE"

Extreme solar energetic particle events, known as Miyake events, are rare phenomena observed by cosmogenic isotopes, with only six documented. The timing of the ca. 660 BCE Miyake event remains undefined until now. Here, we assign its occurrence to 664-663 BCE through new radiocarbon measurements in gymnosperm larch tree rings from arctic-alpine biomes (Yamal and Altai). Using a 22-box carbon cycle model and Bayesian statistics, we calculate the radiocarbon production rate during the event that is 3.2-4.8 times higher than the average solar modulation, and comparable to the 774-775 CE solar-proton event. The prolonged radiocarbon signature manifests a 12‰ rise over two years. The non-uniform signal in the tree rings is likely driven by the low rate of CO2 gas exchange between the trees and the ambient atmosphere, and the high residence time of radiocarbon in the post-event stratosphere. We caution about using the event's pronounced signature for precise single-year-dating.For inquiries regarding the contents of this dataset, please contact the Corresponding Author listed in the README.txt file. Administrative inquiries (e.g., removal requests, trouble downloading, etc.) can be directed to [e-mail]

极端太阳能量粒子事件，亦称宫崎事件，是一种罕见的宇宙成因同位素观测现象，迄今为止仅有六次被记录。关于公元前660年左右发生的宫崎事件的时机，至今尚未明确。本研究通过在北极-高山生物群落（雅马尔和阿勒泰）的松树年轮中进行的新的放射性碳测量，将其发生时间定为公元前664年至公元前663年。运用22箱式碳循环模型和贝叶斯统计方法，我们计算了该事件期间放射性碳的产生速率，其数值是平均太阳调节作用的3.2至4.8倍，与公元774年至公元775年的太阳质子事件相当。放射性碳的长期特征表现为两年内上升了12‰。树轮中非均匀的信号可能是由树木与周围大气之间的二氧化碳气体交换率低以及事件后平流层中放射性碳的停留时间长所驱动。我们提醒，对于精确的年度鉴定，不应过分依赖该事件的显著特征。如需查询此数据集的内容，请联系README.txt文件中列出的通讯作者。行政咨询（例如，删除请求、下载问题等）可发送至[e-mail]。