Digital photographs and numerical dataset of hardness, surface roughness, and dimensional error of PLA specimens fabricated by fused filament fabrication under varying layer height, print speed, raster orientation and infill density

This dataset presents numerical measurements and digital photographs of polylactic acid (PLA) specimens fabricated using fused filament fabrication under varying layer height, print speed, raster orientation, and infill density conditions. Sixteen specimens were produced according to a Taguchi L16 orthogonal design using a Pratham 5.0 material extrusion printer. Surface roughness, Shore D hardness and dimensional deviation were measured using standardized instruments and recorded in structured spreadsheet worksheets. Six digital photographs per specimen document top, bottom and side surfaces. The dataset supports benchmarking of additive manufacturing processes, statistical analysis, predictive modelling, optimization studies and validation of numerical simulations in material extrusion research.