Microsatellite loci genotypes dataset (N=121 unique individuals) from: Sex-mediated gene flow of grayfoot chacma baboons (Papio ursinus griseipes ) in a highly seasonal habitat of Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

Investigating primates’ behavioral variation at the inter-population level is important for the advancement of biological anthropology and the understanding of the evolutionary processes leading to species-specific behavioral patterns. The study of behavioral diversity among populations also contributes to improve primates’ conservation efforts. Dispersal patterns tend to be similar among close phylogenetic lineages but may vary in response to individual-based responses to local demographic and environmental variation. Here, we investigate dispersal patterns of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus griseipes) living in Gorongosa National Park and the Catapu Forest Reserve in central Mozambique. The park consists of a mosaic landscape, located in a region of high seasonal variability. This area was the epicenter of a major war, which decimated most apex predators resulting in limited mammalian predation on baboons and a steep increase in groups number. Factors such as anthropogenic habitats dist..., Study site
We carried out the study at Gorongosa National Park (GNP, 18°43'56.54\" S, 34°16'31.58\" E, total area 3,770 km2), which included the floodplain central area (GNP core), and the western entrance of the park (Boé-Maria, BM).The study also included samples collected in the Catapu Forest Reserve (CFR, 16°50'54.11\" S, 34°11'11.94\" E, total area 250 km2).
DNA sampling
Fecal samples from unidentified individuals were sampled opportunistically along unpaved roads and in areas usually frequented by baboons, such as the edge of drinking spots or foraging paths, during field expeditions carried out in the dry seasons of 2017, 2018 and 2019. One tissue sample was retrieved from an individual who was the subject of infanticide, and one blood sample was collected during GPS collar placement as part of a different study (Lewis-Bevan et al., in prep). Both samples have been analysed before (Santander et al., 2022). Fecal samples were collected in two main areas, GNP and CFR (Fig. 1). At GNP, ..., , # Microsatellite loci genotypes dataset (N=121 unique individuals) from the work: Sex-mediated gene flow of grayfoot chacma baboons (*Papio ursinus griseipes*) in a highly seasonal habitat of Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwxv](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwxv)

## Description of the data and file structure

Data is organized in an excel sheet, following Genelex software format. The first line has information on column information. First column is sample code, second column is the information of each sample on Quality Index (QI) estimated as in Miquel et al 2006, third column has the information on the population (Gorongosa or CFP), fourth and fifth column describes latitude and longitude coordinates (in decimal degrees), six column has information on the sex of sample (Male, Female or NA - Non identified), and next columns describe alleles size genotyped for each loci. Please note that DYS576 was only genotyped for males (samples identi...,