GO Tables from/for: Oligogalactolipid production during cold challenge is conserved in early diverging lineages

Severe cold, defined as a damaging cold beyond acclimation temperatures, has unique responses, but the signaling and evolution of these responses are not well understood. Production of oligogalactolipids, which is triggered by cytosolic acidification in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), contributes to survival in severe cold. Here, we investigated oligogalactolipid production in species from bryophytes to angiosperms. Production of oligogalactolipids differed within each clade, suggesting multiple evolutionary origins of severe cold tolerance. We also observed greater oligogalactolipid production in control samples instead of temperature-challenged samples of some species. Further examination of representative species revealed a tight association between temperature, damage, and oligogalactolipid production that scaled with the cold tolerance of each species. Based on oligogalactolipid production and transcript changes, multiple species share a signal of oligogalactolipid production i..., Plant material and growth conditions
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana, Columbia-0 [Col-0]) plants were grown on a mixture of Sungrow Propagation Mix soil and Turface at 22°C under a 16-h-light/8-h-dark photoperiod. Plants were grown for 3 to 4 weeks before cold acclimation at 6°C under a 12-h-light/12-h-dark photoperiod for 1 week. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ‘BTx623’) was grown in chambers under a 16-h-light/8-h-dark photoperiod with 29°C during the day and 22°C at night on standard greenhouse soil mix (8:8:3:1 [w/w/w/w] peat moss: vermiculite: sand: screened topsoil, with 7.5:1:1:1 [w/w/w/w/] Waukesha fine lime, Micromax, Aquagro, and Green Guard per cubic yard). Acclimation was carried out at 16°C for 1 week for sorghum. All plants for all treatments were moved into low-temperature stress at the end of their respective day for treatment in the dark. 
Ion leakage
Plants used for ion leakage were grown as described above, and all plants were cold acclimated for 1 week at the appropriate ...,