Data_Sheet_7_Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways Involved in Growth and Development of Mesona chinensis Benth Under Red- and Blue-Light Conditions.XLSX

Mesona chinensis Benth (MCB) is an important Chinese herbal medicine. The plant factories might be one of the ways to solve the shortage of MCB supply. In this study, the MCB seedlings were treated under the red (R) and blue (B) lights in the plant factory. Results showed that the red light promoted the growth and development of MCB in comparison with the blue light. Under the red-light condition, the biomass, plant height, and root characteristics were significantly higher than those under blue-light condition, while the soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) under the red-light treatment was significantly lower than that under the blue-light treatment. Red light also significantly promoted the content of soluble sugar and pectin of MCB compared with blue light. Transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 4,165 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected including 2,034 upregulated and 2,131 downregulated. Of these, 1,112 DEGs including 410 upregulated and 702 downregulated genes were associated with 111 pathways. Moreover, a total of 8,723 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) were identified in R vs. B, and these TFs were distributed in 56 gene families. Metabonomic results revealed that a total of 184 metabolites and 99 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (42 upregulated and 57 downregulated) were identified in the red- and blue-light treatments. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome unveiled that a total of 24 pathways included 70 compounds (metabolites) and were associated with 28 unigenes. In particular, these pathways included starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions. The unigenes included asparagine synthetase (AS), thymidine kinase (TK), alpha, alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS), phosphatase IMPL1 (IMPL1), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (D4R), and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like 6 (4CL6), bifunctional aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase 1 (thrA), and abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase 2 isoform X1 (ABA8). It was indicated that these pathways and genes might play important roles in the growth and development of MCB. This study laid a foundation for the future research of MCB.

Mesona chinensis Benth（毛叶巴豆）作为一种重要的中药材，其供应短缺问题或许可通过植物工厂的培育技术得到缓解。本研究中，我们对毛叶巴豆的幼苗在植物工厂中进行了红光（R）和蓝光（B）处理。研究结果表明，相较于蓝光，红光更有利于毛叶巴豆的生长发育。在红光照射下，毛叶巴豆的生物量、植株高度及根系特征均显著优于蓝光处理组，而红光处理下的土壤和植物分析仪发展（SPAD）值则显著低于蓝光处理组。此外，红光还能显著提升毛叶巴豆中可溶性糖和果胶的含量，较蓝光处理效果更为显著。转录组分析揭示了共检测到4,165个差异表达基因（DEGs），其中2,034个基因表达上调，2,131个基因表达下调。其中，1,112个差异表达基因，包括410个上调和702个下调的基因，与111个通路相关。此外，在红光与蓝光处理组中，共鉴定出8,723个差异表达转录因子（TFs），这些TFs分布于56个基因家族中。代谢组学分析结果显示，在红光和蓝光处理组中共鉴定出184种代谢物和99种差异表达代谢物（DEMs），其中42种上调，57种下调。转录组与代谢组的整合分析揭示了共24个通路，包含70种化合物（代谢物），与28个非冗余基因（unigenes）相关。特别是，这些通路包括淀粉和蔗糖代谢、苯丙烷类化合物生物合成、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢、糖酵解/糖异生以及戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸互变等。这些非冗余基因包括天冬酰胺合成酶（AS）、胸苷激酶（TK）、α,α-海藻糖磷酸合成酶（TPS）、磷酸酶IMPL1（IMPL1）、二氢黄酮醇4-还原酶（D4R）和4-香豆酸-CoA连接酶样6（4CL6）、双功能天冬氨酸激酶-同型丝氨酸脱氢酶1（thrA）以及脱落酸8′-羟基化酶2亚型X1（ABA8）。这些通路和基因可能在毛叶巴豆的生长发育中发挥重要作用。本研究为毛叶巴豆未来研究奠定了基础。