Prevalence, drug resistance and genetic diversity of <i>Candida glabrata</i> in the reproductive tract of pregnant women in Hainan and comparison with global multilocus sequence data

This study investigates the prevalence, drug resistance, and genetic diversity of <i>Candida glabrata</i>, a significant non-albicans <i>Candida</i> species, among pregnant women in Hainan, China. We collected 3,806 reproductive tract secretion samples from women with vaginal discomfort and isolated 594 <i>Candida</i> strains, including <i>C. albicans</i> (45.1%), <i>C. glabrata</i> (36.2%), <i>C. dubliniensis</i> (12.2%), <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (2.7%), <i>C. tropicalis</i> (2.7%), and <i>C. krusei</i> (1.2%). Antifungal susceptibility testing showed that 64.5% of the isolates were intermediate or resistant to at least one of four antifungal agents: fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B. Among 215 <i>C. glabrata</i> isolates, 81.4% were intermediate or resistant to at least one antifungal, with 10% showing resistance to multiple agents. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of 52 <i>C. glabrata</i> strains from the reproductive tract, 53 from oral cavities, and 17 from environmental sources revealed 14 sequence types (STs), with six STs shared among these niches, indicating a highly clonal population structure. Comparisons with the global MLST database showed both shared and distinct characteristics among <i>C. glabrata</i> populations in Hainan and other regions, highlighting significant differentiation. We discuss the implications of these findings to the epidemiology and evolution of this pathogen.本研究针对中国海南地区孕妇群体，调查了光滑假丝酵母菌（Candida glabrata）——一种重要的非白假丝酵母菌属物种——的流行率、耐药性与遗传多样性。本研究共收集3806份伴阴道不适女性的生殖道分泌物样本，分离得到594株假丝酵母菌属菌株，其中白假丝酵母菌（C. albicans）占45.1%、光滑假丝酵母菌（C. glabrata）占36.2%、都柏林假丝酵母菌（C. dubliniensis）占12.2%、近平滑假丝酵母菌（C. parapsilosis）占2.7%、热带假丝酵母菌（C. tropicalis）占2.7%，克柔假丝酵母菌（C. krusei）占1.2%。 抗真菌药敏试验结果显示，64.5%的分离株对氟康唑、伊曲康唑、伏立康唑及两性霉素B这4种抗真菌药物中的至少1种呈现中介或耐药表型。在215株光滑假丝酵母菌分离株中，81.4%对至少1种抗真菌药物呈现中介或耐药，其中10%的菌株对多种药物产生耐药性。 本研究对52株生殖道来源、53株口腔来源及17株环境来源的光滑假丝酵母菌开展多位点序列分型（Multilocus sequence typing, MLST），共鉴定出14种序列型（STs），其中6种序列型在上述三类生态位中共享，提示该菌株群体具有高度克隆性的种群结构。与全球MLST数据库的比对分析显示，海南地区光滑假丝酵母菌种群与其他地区的种群既存在共性特征，也存在显著差异，凸显了二者间的显著分化。本研究讨论了上述发现对该病原体流行病学与进化研究的启示。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于海南孕妇生殖道中光滑念珠菌的流行病学、耐药性和遗传多样性研究，基于3806个样本分离出594株念珠菌，其中光滑念珠菌占36.2%，且81.4%的光滑念珠菌分离株对至少一种抗真菌药物表现出中敏或耐药性。通过多位点序列分型分析122株菌株，揭示了14个序列型和高度克隆的种群结构，与全球数据比较显示海南种群具有显著分化特点，为病原体流行病学和进化提供了重要见解。