Longitudinal dataset of physical activity, health outcomes, and healthcare costs in adults with severe mental disorders (Spain, 15 months)

This repository contains the anonymized dataset supporting a 15-month quasi-experimental longitudinal study conducted in Andalusia (Spain) with adults diagnosed with severe mental disorders (SMD) receiving routine community mental health care. Participants were allocated to a structured physical activity (PA) programme (Experimental group; n = 78) or treatment as usual (Control group; n = 78), with purposive matching on key demographic and clinical variables. The dataset includes baseline (pre-test) and follow-up (post-test) measures of: (1) body composition (BIA-derived indices), (2) physical fitness (field-based tests), (3) lifestyle/behavioural indicators (e.g., stage of change for PA; dietary frequency items; tobacco use), (4) patient-reported outcomes (WEMWBS and WHOQOL-BREF summary scores), and (5) direct healthcare costs derived from psychiatric hospitalisations and psychotropic medication expenditure. All records are de-identified. Direct identifiers have been removed and participants are represented by an anonymous code. The repository also includes a variable codebook and documentation describing units, scoring, and the structure of the pre/post variables. These data are provided to enable transparency, replication, and secondary analyses consistent with the study aims.