Palynological and environmental data supporting vegetation reconstruction and time-series analyses

Abstract This dataset contains palynological and environmental data derived from a 300 cm sediment core collected at El Morro mire in the Belmira páramo (Antioquia, Colombia, northern Andes). The dataset includes pollen counts identified to the highest possible taxonomic resolution (species, genus, or family) from 300 samples taken at 1 cm intervals, alongside lithological descriptions and elemental concentrations (Ti, Fe) obtained through X-ray fluorescence (mXRF) analysis. Chronological information is provided through nine (9) calibrated AMS radiocarbon (14C) dates and an age-depth model constructed with the RBacon package in R. The dataset enables the reconstruction of late Quaternary vegetation dynamics, sedimentary processes, and climate variability through time-series decomposition and proxy comparison. Data are presented in tabular format and can be reused for regional and global syntheses of vegetation history, calibration of climate–vegetation models, or methodological studies on time-series analysis. No ethical or legal restrictions apply to the reuse of these data.