METBRA25Y: Brazil Surface Meteorology Archive with Harmonized Variables and Quality Control

METBRA25Y is a curated archive of Brazilian surface meteorological observations derived from public INMET records and harmonized into a canonical schema for scientific use. The dataset covers the period from 2000 to 2025 and was designed to support reproducible research in meteorology, climatology, hydrology, environmental modeling, and extreme-event analysis.

This release includes harmonized hourly city-level files, station metadata manifests, quality-control outputs, parameter-level summaries, processing logs, and supporting code. The processing workflow extracts and standardizes station metadata, unifies original variable names into a consistent format, reconstructs timestamps, and applies a two-stage quality-control procedure based on physical bounds and temporal/internal consistency rules.

METBRA25Y was developed to improve accessibility, interoperability, and analytical usability of historical Brazilian meteorological observations. In addition to the cleaned time series, the archive provides quality flags, missing-data audits, and station-level summary tables that facilitate downstream applications such as rainfall analysis, climate-risk studies, forecasting, anomaly detection, and data-driven environmental decision support.

Main contents of this release include:- harmonized compressed city-level meteorological files;- station-level manifest with spatial and temporal metadata;- quality-flag tables and daily precipitation summaries;- parameter summary tables with station coverage and failure statistics;- processing logs and reproducibility materials;- supporting scripts and documentation.

The original raw data provenance is public INMET annual archives. This Zenodo release corresponds to a curated and documented research version of the dataset, organized for citation, reuse, and long-term preservation.