Abnormal female reproductive tract microbiota are associated with gynecological disorders such as endometriosis or chronic endometritis and may affect reproductive outcomes. However, the differential
Objectives Alterations in 17β-estradiol metabolism are known to potentially impair endometrial receptivity. Previous pioneering studies have investigated the role of endometrial steroid metabolism by
BackgroundRecurrent implantation failure (RIF) is an intricate complication following IVF-ET, which refers to the situation that good-quality embryos repeatedly fail to implant following two or more I
The mother’s uterine immune system is dominated by uterine natural killer (NK) cells during the first trimester of pregnancy. These cells express killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) of in
