Sequences from house fly samples, Musca domestica, from Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2023

This data is supplementary to the following published research paper:www.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06128-5, Mohamad Hamdan, Tamilarasan Kamalanathan, Asim Iqbal, Antony Raj Gnanaprakasam, Sabu Shajahan, Mohammad Hamad Alsadeq, Amgd sayed Ali and Mohammad Ali Al‑Deeb. 2024. kdr mutations and deltamethrin resistance in house flies in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Parasites & Vectors. 17:47, 1-13.

Abstract:

Background: The house fly, Musca domestica, is a significant carrier of diseases that can impact public health.Repeated use of pyrethroid insecticides may act as a selection pressure for mutations and amino acid substitutionsin the house fly voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC), which ultimately confers resistance. The objectives of thisstudy were to determine the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations using molecular tools and to setup a CDC bottle bioassay specific for house flies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to screen for deltamethrinresistance.Methods: Adult flies were collected from 19 locations in Abu Dhabi, UAE, and DNA was extracted, followed by PCRamplification of specific alleles (PASA) and conventional PCR using several primers to amplify regions of the VSSCgene. Sanger sequencing was performed on PCR products. We also designed primers that detect four kdr mutationsusing complementary DNA (cDNA) in reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Additionally,a CDC bottle bioassay was set up for detecting deltamethrin resistance in adult house flies.Results: In PASA, the primers successfully amplified the target bands (480, 280 and 200 bp). The kdr allele was foundin flies collected from 18 of the 19 locations, at the highest and lowest prevalence of 46.9% and 9.4%, respectively.Resistant homozygous (RR) insects constituted 5.0% of the tested populations, and heterozygous (RS) insectsaccounted for 36.5%. The RR genotype was prevalent in house flies collected at 10 of 19 sampling locations. Housefly populations were mostly in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, except in three locations. In addition to verifyingthe presence of the previously identified kdr mutation L1014F, in this study we detected two kdr mutations, L1014Hand T929I, that have not previously been reported in the UAE. Also, for the first time in the UAE, a CDC bottle bioassayfor deltamethrin resistance was used, which found that 60 min and 4.5 μg/ml were the diagnostic timeand dose, respectively. Using this assay, we detected deltamethrin resistance in house flies from two of 16 locations,with a resistance level of 12.5%.Conclusions: Using DNA sequencing, we confirmed the presence of a known kdr mutation and uncovered two newkdr mutations in house flies from Abu Dhabi. Additionally, we detected deltamethrin resistance in these flies usinga CDC bottle bioassay. Further research is recommended to comprehensively identify more kdr mutations in UAEhouse fly populations and assess their impacts on control strategies.