Supplementary Information: Climate and ecology predict latitudinal trends in sexual selection inferred from avian mating systems. PLOS Biology. 2024.

The main file provided below (<b>S1 Data</b>) contains a global dataset of estimated sexual selection scores and accompanying uncertainty estimated for all the world’s birds in two different taxonomic treatments: BirdTree (Jetz <i>et al.</i> 2012) and eBird (Clements/eBird taxonomy). The structure and nomenclature of these data sheets follows AVONET (Tobias<i> et al.</i> 2022) so that sexual selection data presented here can be directly integrated with all morphological, ecological and geographical data presented in AVONET:Tobias<i> et al.</i> (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds. Ecology Letters doi: https://doi.org/10.111/ele.13898). Figshare dataset: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16586228.v7<b>Code. </b>All R scripts used in statistical analysis and producing figures.<b>S1 Data. </b>Species level sexual selection information for the world’s birds.<b>Sheet 1 in S1 Data.</b> <b>Metadata.</b> Definitions and sources for all variables in subsequent data sheets. <b>Sheet 2 in S1 Data. Sexual selection scores (BirdTree).</b> Sexual selection scores and associated uncertainty estimates and source citations for 9988 bird species included in the BirdTree dataset (Jetz<i> et al. </i>2012), along with corresponding taxonomic, ecological, morphological and distributional data, where available (<i>n</i> = 9836 species). <b>Sheet 3 in S1 Data. Sexual selection scores (eBird).</b> Sexual selection scores aligned with an updated Clements taxonomy used in major online resources, including eBird and Birds of the World (<i>n</i> = 10671 species). <b>Sheet 4 in S1 Data. Sexual selection metrics.</b> Measured residual testes mass, Bateman gradients (β_SS), and Opportunity for Sexual Selection (<i>I</i>_<em>S</em>) values used in sensitivity analysis. <b>Sheet 5 in S1 Data. Taxonomic crosswalk.</b> Guide to species matching for users transferring data between BirdTree and eBird taxonomies, which often differ in spelling and treatment of allospecies. <b>Sheet 6 in S1 Data. Data sources.</b> Full references for sources cited in Sheet 2.<b>S2 Data.</b> Data used in figures showing family-level or species-level averages.<b>Sheet 1 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores for bird families partitioned by trophic level, as shown in Fig 5B. <b>Sheet 2 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores for bird families, partitioned by migratory behaviour, as shown in Fig 5C. <b>Sheet 3 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores for bird families, partitioned by territorial behaviour, as shown in Fig 5D. <b>Sheet 4 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores and temperature seasonality for avian families, as shown in Fig 5E. <b>Sheet 5 in S2 Data</b>. Extracted model predictions from species-level phylogenetic models predicting sexual selection score according to univariate life history traits. Values correspond to model predictions overlaying family averages in Fig 5B-E. <b>Sheet 6 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores for each data certainty partition, as shown in S2A Fig. <b>Sheet 7 in S2 Data</b>. Mean sexual selection scores for different ecological groups at each five-degree latitudinal bin, as shown in S7 Fig.<b>SAR_rasters.Rdata. </b>Derived global rasters of avian sexual selection, averaged for all occurring species at 200km resolution. These rasters are used to run SAR models.<b>wgs84_rasters.Rdata. </b>Derived global rasters of avian sexual selection, averaged for all occurring species at 5km resolution. These rasters are used to produce figures.