Hydro-Geochemical assessment in Sathankulam Region, Southern Tamilnadu: and it’s perspective of physico-chemical characterization and quality

Geochemical studies of groundwater were carried out in the sedimentary and metamorphic terrain area of the Sathankulam region, Thoothukudi district, Tamilnadu, India. The Geology of this study area is given. Average Physico-chemical analytical data, such as pH, EC, TDS, Cations, Na, K, Ca and Mg, Anions HCO3, SO4, Cl, NO3 of groundwater samples collected from open well and the bore well for this period of two seasons, such as, average pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. Were, tabulated. Various thematic GIS maps were generated by using the software ArcGIS-10.8. Interpretation techniques such as the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method, was applied to obtain the spatial distribution of groundwater quality maps. All groundwater environmental data were processed and evaluated by using an HYCH program, which includes, Stuyfzand classification, USSL classification, Gibbs mechanism, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, RSC, PI, and Piper environment. Various thematic environmental spatial maps through ArcGIS-10.8 software were also generated for the HYCH output. Results obtained from HYCH output helps to estimate the water quality as good, bad, and satisfactory for domestic and irrigation or agriculture quality.