Mass cytometric profiling identifies activated CD28hi CD8+ Tem cells in SR-aGvHD

This dataset contains mass cytometry (CyTOF) data derived from peripheral blood samples of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients, including individuals with steroid-sensitive (SS) or steroid-refractory (SR) acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), as well as non-aGvHD controls. The antibody panel was designed to capture key features of T cell lineage, activation, exhaustion, and trafficking. Following stringent quality control and data cleaning procedures—including doublet exclusion, and dead cell removal—the dataset provides high-dimensional single-cell immune profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Notably, analysis revealed a marked expansion of CD28hi CD8+ effector memory T (Tem) cells exhibiting an activated phenotype in SR-aGvHD. These data offer detailed insights into immune cell composition and activation states prior to steroid exposure, supporting their relevance to steroid resistance and utility as predictive biomarkers in SR-aGvHD.