Pesticides and pathogens are major drivers of bee declines. However, their potential interactions are poorly understood, especially for non-Apis bees. This study assessed the combined effects of inf
Purpose: The powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria graminis, is an obligate biotrophic pathogen of cereals and has significant impact on food security (Dean et al., 2012). B. graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) is
