Human gut microbiome after moderate wine intake

Starting with a 19-volunteers human intervention study, divided in low-, medium-, and high- polyphenol metabolizers, here we aim to understand the effect of moderate wine intake in their faecal microbiome and metabolome. Using a 16S-metataxonomic approach we detect interindividual discrepancies on the effect of wine consumption in gut bacterial alpha-diversity, but a significant homogenization of beta-diversity among moderate wine consumers, independently of their metabotype. In addition, the abundance of key health-related taxa such as Akkermansia sp. was increased after moderate wine intake in the group of high polyphenol metabolizers. Regarding the metabolic activity, significant (p< 0.05) positive correlations between 4-Hydroxy-5-(phenyl)-valeric acid and decanoic acid and butyric acid with propionic and acetic acids were observed after wine intake. Finally, using multivariate statistics we were able to correlate the microbiome and the metabolome of the different metabotypes, and to identify some metabolites-biomarker species, highlighting the genera Phascolarctobacterium, Pelotomaculum and Prevotella, as positively correlated with polyphenol concentration, and Prevotella, Zymophilus and Eubacterium as positively correlated with SCFAs concentration in faeces.