MITF-M-dependent ATP6V1B2 gene expression

MITF has been implicated in the regulation of expression of many components of the v-ATPase, including the cytosolic component ATP6V1B2 (Zhang et al, 2015). The v-ATPase is responsible for acidification of organelles such as the lysosome and the endosome. The lysosome is also a site of regulation of TORC1 (target of rapamycin complex 1) that promotes global protein synthesis. MITF-family members and TORC1 play varied but interconnected roles in the sensing and response to nutrient levels, with MITF either positively or negatively regulating TORC activity depending on context (reviewed in Martina et al, 2014), and TORC1 and RAG GTPases have been shown to regulate the localization of some MITF family members (Martina and Puertollano, 2019). MITF has also been implicated as a regulator in a subset of genes associated with autophagy and lysosome biogenesis (Ploper et al, 2015; Moller et al, 2019; reviewed in Ploper and Robertis, 2015; Goding and Arnheiter, 2019).

麻省理工学院的研究表明，MITF（微管相关蛋白）在调节v-ATPase（真核生物细胞质酸化酶）众多成分的表达中扮演着重要角色，包括细胞质成分ATP6V1B2（Zhang等人，2015年）。v-ATPase负责细胞器如溶酶体和内质网的酸化。溶酶体也是TORC1（雷帕霉素靶点复合物1）的调控位点，而TORC1能够促进蛋白质的全局合成。MITF家族成员与TORC1在感知和响应营养物质水平方面发挥着错综复杂但相互关联的作用，MITF根据具体环境对TORC活性的调控作用可表现为正或负（Martina等人，2014年综述），同时，TORC1和RAG GTP酶已被证实能够调控某些MITF家族成员的定位（Martina和Puertollano，2019年）。此外，MITF还被视为一组与自噬和溶酶体生物发生相关的基因调控因子（Ploper等人，2015年；Moller等人，2019年；Ploper和Robertis，2015年综述；Goding和Arnheiter，2019年）。