Transcriptomic profiling of an in vivo mouse model of immune checkpoint induced colitis

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common and serious complication. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. Colonic immune responses were profiled using bulk RNA-sequencing. Overall design: Comparative analysis of transcriptomic profiles from distal colon segments of untreated Balb/c wild type mice compared to Balb/c wild type mice treated with either faecal microbiota transplant, combination ofboth anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 therapy, or mice treated with both of these. All treatments lasting 3 weeks.