The Role of Pressure in Shaping the D1 Line Spectrum of Potassium Vapour [dataset]

In this study, we investigate the effect of buffer gas and temperature on the spectral line shapes of the potassium D1 transition using sealed vapor cells filled with varying amounts of neon sas a buffer gas. Employing a dual-temperature control system, we independently manipulate the cell body and stem temperatures to explore Doppler and collisional effects on the spectrum. Our results show how the spectral profile changes from Gaussian to Voigt forms due to pressure broadening and shifts caused by collisions between potassium atoms and neon. We also analyze the potassium D1 spectral lines in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime using strong magnetic fields, demonstrating how Zeeman splitting modifies the line shape and transmission. This work provides valuable insights into collision-induced broadening and shifts, enhancing our understanding of potassium spectroscopy and its application in developing advanced magneto-optical filters for solar physics.