Explanatory models for the residual connectance according to path analyses in Fig. 3 with direct and indirect coefficients and their relative contributions to the explained variation (R²), following Lewinsohn [49].

Only variables with significant total effects are presented. The “direct effect” (d) expresses how much a given variable changes in response to changes in another variable while controlling for the effect of all other variables in the model. The ‘‘indirect effect’’ (i) expresses the influence of a given variable on another variable that is mediated by one or more variables through causal relationships presented in the model.
Explanatory models for the residual connectance according to path analyses in Fig. 3 with direct and indirect coefficients and their relative contributions to the explained variation (R2), following Lewinsohn [49].