CRISPR-Cas9-mediated editing of <i>ZmPL1</i> gene improves tolerance to drought stress in maize

Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) is a widely grown food crop around the world. Drought stress seriously affects the growth and development process of plants and causes serious damage to maize yield. In the early stage, our research group conducted transcriptome sequencing analysis on the drought-resistant maize inbred line H8186 and screened out a gene with significantly down-regulated expression, Phylloplanin-like (<i>ZmPL1</i>). The <i>ZmPL1</i> gee expression pattern was analyzed under various abiotic stresses, and the results showed that this gene was greatly affected by drought stress. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the protein was localized on the cell membrane. In order to verify the role of <i>ZmPL1</i> in drought stress, we overexpressed <i>ZmPL1</i> in yeast and found that the expression of <i>ZmPL1</i> could significantly increase the drought sensitivity of yeast. Next, <i>ZmPL1</i> transgenic plants were obtained by infecting maize callus using Agrobacterium-mediated method. Under drought stress, compared with overexpression lines, gene-edited lines had higher germination rate and seedling survival rate, lower accumulation of MDA, relative conductivity and ROS, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and the expression levels of stress-related genes and ROS scavenging-related genes were significantly increased. Exogenous application of ABA to each lines under drought stress attenuated the damage caused by drought stress on <i>ZmPL</i> overexpressing plants. In summary, <i>ZmPL1</i> negatively regulates drought tolerance in maize.