Diatom species of the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean

The collection aims to showcase the range of Southern Ocean diatom species found in the major hydrological provinces of the Australian Sector of the Southern Ocean along the 140 degrees E. The collection includes specimens collected in the Sub-Antarctic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) and Antarctic Zone (AZ). Samples were collected with McLane Parflux time series sediment traps placed at several depths in the SAZ (47 degrees S site), PFZ (54 degrees S site) and AZ and (61 degrees S site) during the decade 1997-2007. The shortest sampling intervals were eight days and corresponded with the austral summer and autumn, whereas the longest interval was 60 days and corresponded with austral winter. Split aliquots were obtained for taxonomic analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For improved taxonomic imaging, samples were treated with hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide to remove carbonates and organic matter, respectively. A micropipette was used to transfer the suspension of selected samples to a round-glass cover slip following standard decantation method outlined by Barcena and Abrantes (1998). Samples were air-dried and coated with gold for SEM analysis. SEM analysis was carried out using a JEOL 6480LV scanning electron microscope.Taxonomy Diatoms include all algae from the Class Bacillariophyceae and follow the standardised taxonomy of World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS).Order AsterolampralesFamily AsterolampraceaeAsteromphalus hookeri Ehrenberg Asteromphalus hyalinus Karsten Order AchnanthalesFamily CocconeidaceaeCocconeis sp. Order BacillarialesFamily BacillariaceaeFragilariopsis curta (Van Heurck) Hustedt Fragilariopsis cylindrus (Grunow) Krieger Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Meara) Hustedt Fragilariopsis pseudonana (Hasle) Hasle Fragilariopsis rhombica (O'Meara) Hustedt Fragilariopsis separanda Hustedt Nitzschia bicapitata CleveNitzschia kolaczeckii GrunowNitzschia sicula (Castracane) Husted var. bicuneata (Grunow) Hasle Nitzschia sicula (Castracane) Husted var. rostrata Hustedt Pseudo-nitzschia heimii Manguin Pseudo-nitzschia lineola (Cleve) Hasle Pseudo-nitzschia turgiduloides Hasle Order Chaetocerotanae incertae sedisFamily ChaetoceraceaeChaetoceros aequatorialis var. antarcticus Cleve Chaetoceros atlanticus Cleve Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell Chaetoceros sp.Order CorethralesFamily CorethraceaeCorethron spp. Order CoscinodiscalesFamily CoscinodiscaceaeStellarima stellaris (Roper) Hasle et SimsFamily HemidiscaceaeActinocyclus sp.Azpeitia tabularis (Grunow) Fryxell et Sims Hemidiscus cuneiformis WallichRoperia tesselata (Roper) Grunow Order HemiaulalesFamily HemiaulaceaeEucampia antarctica (Castracane) ManginOrder NaviculalesFamily PlagiotropidaceaeTropidoneis group Family NaviculaceaeNavicula directa (Smith) Ralfs Family PleurosigmataceaePleurosigma sp. Order RhizosolenialesFamily RhizosoleniaceaeDactyliosolen antarcticus CastracaneRhizosolenia antennata f. semispina Sundstrom Rhizosolenia antennata (Ehrenberg) Brown f. antennataRhizosolenia cf. costata GersondeRhizosolenia polydactyla Castracane f. polydactylaRhizosolenia simplex KarstenProboscia alata (Brightwell) SundstromProboscia inermis (Castracane) Jordan LigowskiOrder ThalassiosiralesFamily ThalassiosiraceaePorosira pseudodenticulata (Hustedt) Jouse Thalassiosira ferelineata Hasle et FryxellThalassiosira gracilis (Karsten) Hustedt Thalassiosira lentiginosa (Janisch) Fryxell Thalassiosira oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Hasle var. oestrupii Fryxell et HasleThalassiosira oliveriana (O'Meara) Makarova et Nikolaev Thalassiosira tumida (Janisch) Hasle    Order ThalassionematalesFamily ThalassionemataceaeThalassionema nitzschioides var. lanceolatum GrunowThalassiothrix antarctica Schimper ex Karsten Data available: 73 SEM images of the most abundant diatom species found at the three sampling sites. Samples were collected by several sediment traps placed at different depths in the Subantarctic Zone (47 degrees S site), Polar Frontal Zone (54 degrees S site) and Antarctic Zone (61 degrees S site) during the decade 1997-2007. The collection site and date for each species image can be found in Table 1 (see the word document in the download file).