中国青藏高原冰川前缘石冰川分布数据集（2022）

数据集中包含中国青藏高原冰川前缘石冰川分布数据，共计34717条石冰川。使用2022年天地图平台发布的影像数据服务开展青藏高原石冰川的遥感解译，利用现代冰川分布数据和数字高程模型数据，充分考虑石冰川发育在古冰川作用的高山区，且上游常与冰舌冰碛物相连的特定地理位置环境，同时具有边坡陡、前缘阶状的地貌特征。在多光谱影像中，石冰川由棱角尖锐、大小不等的石块碎屑混杂堆积而成且随着蠕滑运动其表面呈现同心圆状垅堤形态，具有特定的光学特征。利用光学影像目视解译方法，进行样本标识、分类和特征提取，然后进行数据验证和分析，形成中国青藏高原冰川前缘石冰川分布数据集。本数据集可为进一步开展青藏高原石冰川的分布特征、演化规律和水文环境研究提供基础数据集，石冰川的研究对于了解冰川的动态和冰川与周围地理环境的相互作用非常重要，对青藏高原环境和气候研究具有重要意义。

This dataset contains distribution data of rock glaciers at glacier fronts in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, with a total of 34,717 rock glaciers. Remote sensing interpretation of rock glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was conducted using image data services released by the Tianditu platform in 2022. Modern glacier distribution data and digital elevation model (DEM) data were utilized, with full consideration given to the specific geographic environment where rock glaciers develop in high mountain areas affected by paleoglaciation, and their upper reaches are often connected with moraines of glacier tongues, as well as their geomorphic features of steep slopes and stepped fronts. In multispectral images, rock glaciers are formed by mixed accumulation of angular, varying-sized rock debris, and their surfaces present concentric ridge morphology due to creep movement, exhibiting specific optical characteristics. Visual interpretation of optical images was adopted for sample labeling, classification and feature extraction, followed by data validation and analysis, to form the distribution dataset of rock glaciers at glacier fronts in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. This dataset can provide a foundational data resource for further research on the distribution characteristics, evolutionary laws and hydrological environment of rock glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Research on rock glaciers is critical for understanding glacier dynamics and the interactions between glaciers and their surrounding geographical environment, and holds great significance for environmental and climatic research on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了2022年中国青藏高原冰川前缘的石冰川分布数据，共包含34717条记录，基于遥感解译方法生成，数据以shp格式存储，包含面积、周长和中心点坐标等属性。数据集具有高空间分辨率（1m-10m）和长期时间覆盖（100万年来），旨在支持石冰川的分布特征、演化规律及水文环境研究，对青藏高原环境和气候研究具有重要意义。