Transcriptional profiling of whole blood leukocytes obtained from critically ill patients with sepsis treated with clarithromycin, or not, and healthy particpants. Transcriptional profiling of whole blood leukocytes obtained from critically ill patients with sepsis treated with clarithromycin, or not, and healthy particpants

To evaluate whether clarithromycin improves 28-day mortality among patients with sepsis, respiratory and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome. The INntravenous CLArithromycin in Sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction Syndrome trial was a phase 3, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, conducted in 11 intensive care units and 2 Internal Medicine wards in 2 countries. Patients with sepsis, respiratory failure and total sequential organ failure assessment score of ≥7 were enrolled between December 2017 and September 2019. Follow-up lasted 90 days. Patients were randomized to receive 1 gr of intravenous clarithromycin or placebo once daily for 4 consecutive days. Overall design: Examination of PAXgene blood leukocyte RNA expression in critically-ill patients due to sepsis treated with clarithromycin after the first day of study inclusion (INC_D1_A) and in the same patients after five days (INC_D5_A). Placebo-treated patients after one day of study inclusion (INC_D1_B) and same patients treated with placebo after five days (INC_D5_B). Healthy pariticpants were also included and assessed (healthy).