Solar Active Region Emergence Catalog from the Synthetic Active Region Generator (SARG)

The Synthetic Active Region Generator (SARG) is a software tool designed to create synthetic catalogs of solar active regions (ARs) based on the statistical properties of solar activity observed over centuries. SARG uses the Sunspot Number (SSNv2) as input to generate these catalogs, which realistically simulate the stochastic nature of solar flux emergence while preserving the statistical behavior of active regions across multiple realizations. Output files are provided in CSV and ECSV formats. Designed with compatibility for Python libraries like pandas (for data manipulation) and Astropy (for advanced table handling with units and metadata). Pandas does not natively support units hence, Astropy is recommended for workflows where units and detailed metadata are essential. Jha et al. (2024) and Jha et al. (2025) utilized SARG catalogs to predict the polar field and reconstruct the hoistorical photospheric magnetic field. For further details on SARG and its applications, refer to Jha et al. (2024) and Jha et al. (2025). These works provide an in-depth understanding of the methodologies and demonstrated use cases of the catalogs. These files are genearted using python libraries pandas and astropy.table.