The effect of sense of power on pro-social behaviors in college students' sports scenarios the chain-mediated role of mental toughness and self-efficacy

This dataset is derived from a study exploring "The effect of sense of power on pro-social behaviors in college students' sports scenarios: the chain-mediated role of mental toughness and self-efficacy". A total of 550 valid samples were obtained through stratified random sampling, covering freshmen to seniors from four representative universities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chongqing, with 44.2% males and 55.8% females.The data were collected using four standardized scales: the Generalized Sense of Power Scale (8 items, α=0.983), the Pro-Social Behavior Scale in Sports Situations (8 items, α=0.956), the Adolescent Mental Toughness Scale (27 items, α=0.966), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (10 items, α=0.902). All scales adopt Likert scoring (5-point or 7-point), with higher scores indicating higher levels of the corresponding variables.Data processing was performed using Excel, SPSS 27.0, and the PROCESS plugin. Harman's one-way test confirmed no common method bias (the first factor explained 37.884% < 40%), and KMO=0.936 with Bartlett's sphericity test p<0.001, indicating good validity. Statistical methods included Spearman correlation analysis, non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis), and Bootstrap chain mediation analysis (5000 repetitions).The dataset includes demographic variables (gender, grade) and core variables (sense of power, pro-social behavior, mental toughness, self-efficacy), with no missing key data. Invalid questionnaires (inconsistent reverse scoring, short completion time, repeated answers) were excluded during data sorting. The data file is in Excel format, which can be opened with Microsoft Excel, WPS, or other spreadsheet software, and is suitable for research on college students' social behavior, sports psychology, and psychological resource mechanisms.