Supplementary Material for: Expanded Spectrum Torpedo Retinopathy: A Case Series

Purpose: Torpedo lesions in the retina are rare and their clinical significance has not been well
established. This case series highlights patients with atypical torpedo lesions with varying
orientations and pigmentation patterns. We describe the first documented case of an inferiorly
oriented lesion, to our knowledge, and add to the few previous descriptions of double-torpedo
lesions.
Methods: A case series of patients presenting with torpedo lesions was performed at a
community-based institution by collecting the following parameters: demographics, best-
corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence
tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF).

Results: Three patients with torpedo lesions were identified. At presentation, mean age was
56.3 (range: 53–59) years. All patients were male. BCVA was 20/20 in all eyes. All torpedo
lesions were located in the temporal macula. Vertical, horizontal, and oblique lesion alignments
were appreciated. One patient had a “double-torpedo” with one lesion oriented obliquely and
one horizontally. SD-OCT demonstrated outer retinal cavitations in two patients, focal hyper-
reflectivity in two patients, and retinal atrophy in all patients. FAF revealed diffuse hypo-
autofluorescence consistent with RPE disruption in all patients.

Conclusion: Despite the differences in lesion orientation and pigmentation, outer retinal
atrophy and cavitations were consistent with prior reports of torpedo lesions. This case series
serves to expand the clinical spectrum of torpedo retinopathy.