Climate change and nest predation affect shifts in timing and duration of breeding as well as reproductive success in a migratory species

While it is well known that the overall timing of avian breeding in northern latitudes has generally advanced due to climate change, it is still unclear how climate warming has affected the beginning, end, and duration of the breeding period and reproductive success of birds. This is because changes in the phenological breeding metrics have often been studied using ringing data that are based on successful nests only and impacts of local factors such as nest predation have not been analysed simultaneously. This study used both successful and failed nesting attempts to estimate the annual timing and duration of breeding in common goldeneyes (Bucephala clangula). There was strong evidence that the beginning of breeding has advanced during 1995‒2022 but only weak evidence that the end of breeding has advanced. Consequently, the duration of the breeding period lengthened, although statistical evidence for the trend was only weak. The relative importance of climate change and nest predation ..., I used long-term (1995-2022) population level data of both successful and failed nesting attempts and studied shifts in the timing and duration of breeding, and associated changes in breeding success, of the common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) in relation to climate change-induced shifts in spring phenology (measured in terms of the timing of ice breakup in the breeding lakes) and among-year variation in nest predation rate., , # **Data from: Climate change and nest predation affect shifts in timing and duration of breeding as well as reproductive success in a migratory species**

This dataset consists of a Data_from_Poysa_JAV-03373 Excel file. The data include annual (1995-2022) values for the following variables (NA means no data for these years and variables).

YEAR
START, start of breeding = the 5th percentile of the annual start-of-laying distribution (scale: …, -1 = 29 April, 0 = 30 April, 1 = 1 May,….)
END, end of breeding = the 95th percentile of the annual start-of-laying distribution (scale: …, -1 = 29 April, 0 = 30 April, 1 = 1 May,…)
DURATION, duration of breeding = the difference between START and END
IOD, ice-out date = timing of ice breakup (scale: 1 = 1 April, 2 = 2 April, 3 = 3 April, ...)
PREDATIONT = nest predation rate (%) in year t
PREDATIONT-1 = nest predation rate (%) in year t-1 (note that data from year 1994 also included)
NESTSUCCESS, nest success = the proportion eggs that produced a...