Forestomach fluid Metagenome. gut metagenome

Rumen microorganisms play an important role in ruminant digestion and absorption of nutrients and have great potential applications in the field of rumen adjusting, food fermentation and biomass utilization etc. In order to investigate the composition of microorganisms in the rumen of camel (Camelus dromedaries), this study delves in the microbial diversity by culture-independent approach.The present study provides a baseline for understanding the complexity of camel rumen microbial ecology while also highlighting striking similarities and differences when compared to other animal gastrointestinal environments. A herd of camels, maintained under intensive system of management, were fed daily with Guar pods (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) husk and Groundnut (Arachis hypogea) haulms. The rumen fluid samples were collected from 6 camels (under mild sedation) using rumen fluid extraction unit designed for camels. The first 100 to 200 ml sample of rumen contents per animal was discarded to limit contamination with saliva. Approximately 50 ml of rumen contents from the second sample was filtered through four layers of autoclaved gauze, and the resulting rumen fluid was immediately placed on ice and was stored at -80°C till further DNA extraction. All the animals were clinically normal and in sound health during and after the experiment.