Model 2 — Risk factors associated with Avian Influenza type H9N2 infection on commercial poultry farms in Pakistan based on a backward manual stepwise selection process on all variables available in Table 1 except distance to the nearest case farm.

R2 = 0.235 (out of possible 0.5)aThe odds of having the distance from the main road b*¶Non significant protective factor, i.e odds of having cover on the water storage tank on case farm was 0.313 (CI 95%: 0.068–1.44) times less than the odds of having cover on the water storage tank on control farms.cThe odds of having history of infection with IBD for case was 3.00 (95% CI: 1.44–6.24) times greater than the odds of exposure in the control farm.dThe odds of selling the birds/and or eggs directly to live bird retail shops was 10.6 (CI 95%: 3.37–33.3) times more than the odds of exposure in the control farms.Model 2 — Risk factors associated with Avian Influenza type H9N2 infection on commercial poultry farms in Pakistan based on a backward manual stepwise selection process on all variables available in Table 1 except distance to the nearest case farm.