Linking soil nutrients, microbial community composition and enzyme activities to saponin content of Paris polyphylla following the biochar and organic fertilizer addition

The utilization of pyrogenic organic fertilizer and biochar is widespread in agroforestry ecosystems for the purpose of augmenting the yields and quality of crop and medicinal plants. Nonetheless, the impacts of them on the yield and quality of Paris polyphylla (P. polyphylla), as well as the underlying mechanisms mediating these processes, remain inadequately understood.