Functional pathways associated with cell cycle, cell signalling and oxidative stress and metabolism were significantly altered in schizophrenia by microarray analysis of gene expression.

Onto-Express was used for pathway analysis of significantly altered genes by identifying gene ontology (GO) categories that are over-represented in the list of significant genes relative to the representation on the array. Five categories associated with cell cycle were found to be significantly involved, including cell cycle (p = 0.0005), cell cycle arrest (p = 0.0007), negative regulation of cell cycle (p = 0.001), mitosis (p = 0.005) and regulation of cell cycle (p = 0.039). Four categories associated with cell signalling were found to be significantly altered, including signal transduction (p = 0.0009), cell-cell signalling (p = 0.012), protein amino acid phosphorylation (p = 0.015) and intracellular signalling cascade (p = 0.050). Three categories involved in oxidative stress were found to be significantly altered, including response to oxidative stress (p = 0.0003), electron transport (p = 0.001) and metabolism (p = 0.013).