Association of inflammation-related cytokines and immune cells on bladder cancer：A mendelian-randomization study

In this study, we estimate the association of genetically mediated inflammation-related cytokines and immune cells with BCa risk. The results of MR analysis identified 4 inflammation-related cytokines and 17 immune cells that were significantly associated with BCa susceptibility. Upregulation of these 4 inflammation-related cytokines was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of BCa. Among the 17 immune cells, the expression of 9 was significantly associated with an increased risk of BCa, and the expression of the other 8 was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BCa. These potential biomarkers may play important roles in the prediction of future clinical and pathological outcomes, as well as their use as therapeutic targets for BCa.